Computer and Information System Manager

In the modern workplace, it is imperative that Information Technology (IT) works both effectively and reliably. Computer and information systems managers play a vital role in the implementation and administration of technology within their organizations. They plan, coordinate, and direct research on the computer-related activities of firms. In consultation with other managers, they help determine the goals of an organization and then implement technology to meet those goals. They oversee all technical aspect of an organization, such as software development, network security, and Internet operations.

Computer and information systems managers direct the work of other IT professionals, such as computer software engineer and computer programmers, computer system analysts, and computer support specialist. They plan and coordinate activities such as installing and upgrading hardware and software, programming and systems design, the implementation of computer networks, and the development of Internet and intranet sites. They are increasingly involved with the upkeep, maintenance, and security of networks. They analyze the computer and information needs of their organizations from an operational and strategic perspective and determine immediate and long-range personnel and equipment requirements. They assign and review the work of their subordinates and stay abreast of the latest technology to ensure that the organization remains competitive.

Computer and information systems managers can have additional duties, depending on their role within an organization. Chief technology officers (CTOs), for example, evaluate the newest and most innovative technologies and determine how these can help their organizations. They develop technical standards, deploy technology, and supervise workers who deal with the daily information technology issues of the firm. When a useful new tool has been identified, the CTO determines one or more possible implementation strategies, including cost-benefit and return on investment analyses, and presents those strategies to top management, such as the chief information officer (CIO). 

Management information systems (MIS) directors or information technology (IT) directors manage computing resources for their organizations. They often work under the chief information officer and plan and direct the work of subordinate information technology employees. These managers ensure the availability, continuity, and security of data and information technology services in their organizations. In this capacity, they oversee a variety of technical departments, develop and monitor performance standards, and implement new projects.

IT project managers develop requirements, budgets, and schedules for their firm’s information technology projects. They coordinate such projects from development through implementation, working with their organization’s IT workers, as well as clients, vendors, and consultants. These managers are increasingly involved in projects that upgrade the information security of an organization.

Work environment

Computer and information systems managers generally work in clean, comfortable offices. Long hours are common, and some may have to work evenings and weekends to meet deadlines or solve unexpected problems; in 2008, about 25 percent worked more than 50 hours per week. Some computer and information systems managers may experience considerable pressure in meeting technical goals with short deadlines or tight budgets. As networks continue to expand and more work is done remotely, computer and information systems managers have to communicate with and oversee offsite employees using laptops, e-mail, and the Internet.

Injuries in this occupation are uncommon, but like other workers who spend considerable time using computers, computer and information systems managers are susceptible to eyestrain, back discomfort, and hand and wrist problems such as carpal tunnel syndrome.

FIREWALL...~!~!~

A firewall is a secure and trusted hardware/software application which is used to block unwanted logical ports and manage unwanted traffic. In simple words firewall is a barrier to  keep destructive forces away from your server which may be loading your server. A firewall is useful if you don’t want eternal users to access a particular host or service.it useful to filter packets based on source’s IP address.Its used securing your data and server from being get hacked. Its most common use is to prevent denial of service attack, you can prevent certain level of DDOS attacks for your server...

You can consider firewall as a program or a device which can monitor, control all data transfer between any internal network with whole internet, A firewall ensures that all data communication in both directions is accordingly to security rules set.

Firewall technologies are configurable thus you can limit communication by direction, IP address, protocol, ports, or numerous other combination. There can be communication failure if data communication is not as per the rule set for all outgoing and incoming requests.  If you have access to the firewall of you server , you can configure it to enable the ports, protocols, and addresses that may optimize data communication.

As for security reasons you can configure your firewall to allow only TCP traffic which may cause the user to see frequent buffering of clips. User experience of the presentation is compromised; greater latency and startup times affect the time needed to view the clip, and delivery of the clip requires more total bandwidth.

General types of Firewall :

Desktop Firewall :

Almost all operating system have built-in firewall applications which is responsible for protecting standalone machine, This type of firewall is designed to protect a single desktop computer and is of a great protection mechanism if the network firewall is compromised.

Software Firewall :

As the name suggest it’s a software application which can be installed on a serverwhich is capable of preventing unwanted data communication. Many webmaster don’t prefer software firewall as most secure. This type of firewall is often used as an application firewall which means that the firewall is optimized to protect applications such as web application and email servers. All Software firewalls have built-in complex filters to inspect the content of the network traffic. This type of firewall is usually (but not always) behind hardware firewalls.

Hardware Firewall :

A hardware firewall is a dedicated hardware device which is installed on your system/server. These firewalls consist of network routers with additional firewall capabilities. Usually hardware firewalls are designed to handle heavy network traffic sites. Hardware firewalls are often placed on the perimeter of the network to filter the internet noise and only allow pre-determined traffic into the network.

Many-a-times hardware firewalls are used in conjunction with software firewalls thus hardware firewall filters out the traffic and the software firewall inspects the network traffic thus you get pure traffic and unwanted traffic can be blocked easily. If in case hardware firewalls are bombarded with bogus network traffic her comes the role of hardware firewall they drop this unwanted traffic and will only let in the right traffic for your network/server thus hardware firewall not only protects the software firewall but also allows the software firewall only to inspect proper network traffic thus such hardware and software firewall combination will surely optimizes the network throughput.

Retrieved from : 

http://www.focus.com/fyi/it-security/types-of-firewalls/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_(computing)

http://digitalmissives.com/tag/server-sequrity-using-firewall/

What are Decision Support System..???

A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program application tha analysis business data and present it so that users can make business decision more easily. It is an "informational application" (to distinguish it from an "operational application" that collect the data in the course of normal business operation)

Many people think of DSS as a special part of a business, most companies have actually integrated them into their day to day operating activities. For instance, many companies constantly download and analyze sales data, budget sheet, and forecast. They update their strategy once they analyze and evaluate the current result. DSS have a definite structure in business. In reality, however, the data and decisions that are based them are fluid and constantly changing.

DSS are used to collect data, analyze and shape the data that is collected, and make sound dicisions or construct strategies from analysis. Whether computer, databases or people are involved usually does not matter.

It is important to note that although computers and artificial intelligent are at work, it is ultimately up to humans to execute these strategies or formulate the data into a usable hypothesis.

This is how the DSS working...

Sistem Maklumat Organisasi...

Seperti yang kita tahu, sistem maklumat merupakan kumpulan manusia, prosedur, software, hardware dan data. Berdasarkan video di atas, kita tahu bahawa sistem maklumat ini banyak mempengaruhi kehidupan seharian dan dalam pelbagai bidang. Sistem maklumat memberi kesan terhadap perkembangan bidang teknologi, perubatan, pendidikan, perniagaan, dan pembangunan sesebuah negara. 

Dari sudut pengurusan dalam organisasi, sistem maklumat melibatkan banyak pihak dan mengikut tahap seseorang dalam organisasi tersebut. Sistem maklumat adalah penting bagi melicinkan pembangunan organisasi.Setiap organisasi mempunyai bahagian-bahagian tertentu yang bertanggungjawab terhadap keberkesanan organisasi contohnya bahagian pembangunan sumber manusia, bahagian pemasaran, bahagian kewangan, bahagian pembuatan dan sebagainya. 

Setiap bahagian ini mempunyai sistem maklumatnya yang tersendiri dan memerlukan maklumat daripada bahagian lain. Sebagai contohnya, bahagian kewangan memerlukan maklumat berkaitan kos daripada bahagian pembuatan bagi memudahkannya membuat pengiraan untung rugi, dan bahagian pemasaran memerlukan maklumat daripada bahagian pembuatan bagi mengetahui jenis barang yang ingin dipasarkan. Ini menunjukkan wujudnya satu sistem di dalam organisasi yang membolehkan maklumat dikongsi oleh semua bahagian yang terlibat.

Selain itu, maklumat juga disebarkan mengikut tahap dan pangkat di dalam organisasi. Pihak atasan akan memberikan arahan kepada orang bawahannya yang merupakan pihak atasan kepada penyelia. Penyelia pula akan memberikan arahan kepada orang bawahannya. Proses ini akan berterusan sehinggalah aarahan itu mencapai matlamat yang dikehendaki. 

Maklumat beredar di dalam organisasi disebabkan keperluan setiap individu dan bahagian pentadbiran dalam organisasi tersebut. Maklumat yang beredar itu akan terus beredar sehinggalah organisasi mencapai matlamat yang dingini.

world of communication...

I've found this interesting video about the evolution of communication. Now, let the video do the talking...

Jenayah Komputer..??

Jenayah komputer satu masalah etika yang semakin berleluasa. Pernahkah kita terfikir tentang jenayah komputer? Tahukah anda bahawa setiap individu melakukan jenayah komputer samada jenayah besar mahupun jenayah kecil. Jenayah komputer ini adalah seperti merosakkan peralatan komputer, mencuri maklumat daripada komputer, mengubah maklumat dalam komputer bagi tujuan tertentu seperti menjatuhkan orang lain.

Tapi, oleh sebab pengenalan sistem internet yang membolehkan penyalinan dan pengubahan maklumat dapat dilakukan secara maya, jenayah ini sukar dikesan oleh pihak berkuasa. Perkembangan jenayah komputer secara maya ini tidak dapat dibuktikan secara fizikal dan penjenayah terlepas dari hukuman dengan mudah.

terdapat banyak jenis jenayah komputer yang berlaku sekarang, antaranya ialah:

Phishing iaitu menyamar sebagai laman web sah. Penjenayah akan memujuk mangsa mengklik pautan melalui emel dan mendapatkan maklumat peribadi mangsa. Phishing selalunya dilakukan melalui pesanan ringkas dan email. Tapi sekarang ada juga yang mula menggunakan panggilan telefon bagi menarik mangsa.

Cetak rompak ataupun pencabulan hak cipta. Jenayah ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan hak cipta tanpa keizinan. Ianya melanggar hak eksklusif pemilik hak cipta asli contohnya hak untuk mengeluarkan karya yang dihasilkan dan mempunyai hak cipta. Kegiatan memuat turun daripada internet juga merupakan jenayah cetak rompak.

Virus komputer yang disebarkan oleh orang-orang yang tidak bertanggungjawab. Virus-virus ini merbahaya dan boleh menyebabkan kerosakan yang teruk terhadap sesuatu sistem pengkomputeran. Virus-virus ini dicipta sebagai bukti projek penyelidikan, usikan, dan memusnahkan serta menyerang produk syarikat tertentu, menyebarkan maklumat politik dan memperoleh keuntungan daripada pencurian identiti, spyware dan sebagainya.

Kuda Troy. Mesti ramai di antara kita yang tidak mengetahui tentang kuda troy ini. Dalam bidang pengkomputeran, kuda troy merupakan 1 sistem yg mengandungi helah yang kononnya berfaedah atau menarik. Tapi sebenarnya ia mengandungi arahan yang diletak oleh pencipta untuk menceroboh keselamatan sistem komputer apabila sistem kuda troy digunakan.

Ini adalah di antara jenayah komputer yang dilakukan. Antara jenayah lainnya ialah spaming, perisikan komputer, pencerobohan dan sebagainya. Jenayah komputer ini sukar dikenalpasti dan ini menyebabkan penjenayah melakukan jenayah ini dengan suka hati dan semakin berkembang terutamanya jenayah yang melibatkan alam maya.

Bagi mengawal masalah jenayah komputer ini, Akta jenayah komputer 1997 telah dilaksanakan di malaysia pada tahun 1997. Akta ini digunakan terhadap sesiapa sahaja tanpa mengira kewarganegaraan individu itu. Kesalahan di bawah akta ini boleh berlaku di mana sahaja tidak kira samada di dalam atau di luar Malaysia asalkan ia melibatkan komputer yang berada di Malaysia.

Jangan Biarkan Diri Anda Terlibat Dengan 

Jenayah Komputer..!!

Sumber : Wikepedia 

Privasi..

PRIVASI

Pernahkah kita terfikir tentang privasi bila kita masuk ke laman internet, buka akaun Facebook, menghantar emel, macam-macam lagilah yang berkaitan dengan internet. Walaupun kita cuba nak sembunyikan identiti kita, tapi setiap komputer ada IP address. IP address ni boleh kenalpasti aktiviti yang kita buat di dalam internet. Jadi jangan buat jenayah siber, sebab semua jenayah siber tu boleh dikesan dengan mudah menggunakan IP address yang ada di komputer kita.

Tahu tak, masa kita layari internet, semua aktiviti WEB tu di awasi dan disimpan dalam hard disk komputer kita. Ada banyak cara maklumat tu tersimpan tanpa pengetahuan kita. Contohnya, bila kita masuk ke alam laman web, browser akan buat satu fail, History file. Dalam history file ni di masukkan lokasi laman yang dilayari oleh sistem komputer kita. History file ni boleh dilihat melalui browser.

Cookies ( bukan biskut ) menyimpan maklumat  daripada laman web yang kita masuk ke dalam hard disk.Tapi yang ni maklumat kecik sahaja, contohnya laman apa yang kita masuk, apa yang kita buat dalam laman tu, dan maklumat yang kita masukkan dalam laman web. Tapi cookies ni bahaya juga sebab banyak maklumat kecik yang tersimpan tanpa pengetahuan kita. Ada 2 jenis cookies, Traditional cookies dan Adware cookies.

Yang ni cerita tentang Spyware. Spyware menyimpan dan melaporkan aktivit yang kita lakukan di dalam internet tanpa pengetahuan kita. Ada 3 jenis spyware : Adware cookies, web bugs dan computer monitoring software.

Adware cookies 

merekod aktiviti daripada laman yang berbeza. Bila maklumat dah masuk dalam hard disk komputer, ianya boleh di "accesed" drp pelbagai laman web yang kita masuk. 

Web Bugs

Imej kecil ataupun kod HTML yang tersembunyi dalam mesej emel. Bila kita buka emel yang ada web bug, maklumat dihantar semula kepada sumber bug.  Biasanya web bug ni digunakan oleh organisasi untuk mengetahui samada emel kita aktif atau tak.

Computer monitoring software

Merupakan spyware yang sangat bahaya. Program ini merekod setiap aktiviti yang dilakukan oleh sistem komputer, contohnya no kad kredit, mesej, akaun bank dan macam-macam lagi maklumat peribadi.  Maklumat ini di masukkan dalam Hard drive komputer tanpa pengetahuan sesiapa pun.

Video di bawah menunjukkan cara kita nak lindungi privasi dengan membersihkan komputer kita. selamat mencuba...